ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL Practice Exams
Last updated on Oct 21,2026- Exam Code: ISTQB-CTFL
- Exam Name: ISTQB-Foundation Level Exam
- Certification Provider: ISTQB
- Latest update: Oct 21,2026
Question #31
Which of the following statements about the typical activities of a formal review process is TRUE?
- A . Individual review is only mandatory when the size of the work product under review is too large to cover at the review meeting
- B . Various review techniques that may be applied by participants during individual review are described in the ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3 standard.
- C . Choosing which standards to follow during the review process is usually made during review planning.
- D . One of the main goals of the review meeting is to make sure that all participants are aware of their roles and responsibilities in the review process
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
During the review planning stage, key decisions are made, including the selection of standards and procedures to be followed during the review. This planning phase ensures that the review process is structured and adheres to agreed-upon standards, which can come from industry standards such as ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3. The ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0 emphasizes the importance of review planning in establishing the framework and guidelines for the review process.
C
Explanation:
During the review planning stage, key decisions are made, including the selection of standards and procedures to be followed during the review. This planning phase ensures that the review process is structured and adheres to agreed-upon standards, which can come from industry standards such as ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-3. The ISTQB CTFL Syllabus v4.0 emphasizes the importance of review planning in establishing the framework and guidelines for the review process.
Question #32
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the benefit of traceability between the test basis and test work products?
- A . Traceability may be required by IT governance rules
- B . Traceability may help evaluate the extent of test coverage
- C . Traceability may allow testing to be auditable
- D . Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
Question #32
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the benefit of traceability between the test basis and test work products?
- A . Traceability may be required by IT governance rules
- B . Traceability may help evaluate the extent of test coverage
- C . Traceability may allow testing to be auditable
- D . Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
Question #32
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the benefit of traceability between the test basis and test work products?
- A . Traceability may be required by IT governance rules
- B . Traceability may help evaluate the extent of test coverage
- C . Traceability may allow testing to be auditable
- D . Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
D
Explanation:
The statement "Traceability may make it harder to understand the impact of changes" is incorrect. Traceability in testing actually facilitates understanding the impact of changes by linking test cases to requirements. This linkage helps ensure that any changes in the requirements are adequately reflected and verified in the test cases, thus supporting effective management of changes and maintaining the integrity of the system or product being developed (ISTQB not-for-profit association)
(ISTQB Main Web).
Reference: ISTQB® Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0: https://istqb-main-web-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/media/documents/ISTQB_CTFL_Syllabus-v4.0.pdf
ISTQB Official Website – CTFL Certification: https://www.istqb.org/certifications/certified-tester-foundation-level/
Question #35
Which of the following statements about reviews are TRUE?
I. In walkthroughs the review meeting is typically led by the author.
II. Inspection is characterized by an open-ended review meeting
III. Preparation before the review meeting is part of informal reviews
IV. Management rarely participates in technical review meetings
- A . II, Ill
- B . I, II
- C . I, IV
- D . III, IV
Correct Answer: C
C
Explanation:
The following statements about reviews are true:
I) In walkthroughs the review meeting is typically led by the author. A walkthrough is a type of review that has a predefined objective and agenda but no formal process or roles. A walkthrough is typically led by the author of the work product under review, who guides the participants through a scenario and solicits feedback.
IV) Management rarely participates in technical review meetings. A technical review is a type of review that has a predefined objective and agenda but no formal process or roles. A technical review is typically performed by peers with technical expertise in order to evaluate technical aspects of a work product. Management rarely participates in technical review meetings, as they may not have sufficient technical knowledge or skills to contribute effectively.
The following statements about reviews are false:
II) Inspection is characterized by an open-ended review meeting. An inspection is a type of review that follows a defined process with formal entry and exit criteria and roles and responsibilities for participants. An inspection is characterized by a structured review meeting with a fixed duration and agenda.
III) Preparation before the review meeting is part of informal reviews. Preparation before the review meeting is part of formal reviews, such as inspections or technical reviews. Preparation involves checking
C
Explanation:
The following statements about reviews are true:
I) In walkthroughs the review meeting is typically led by the author. A walkthrough is a type of review that has a predefined objective and agenda but no formal process or roles. A walkthrough is typically led by the author of the work product under review, who guides the participants through a scenario and solicits feedback.
IV) Management rarely participates in technical review meetings. A technical review is a type of review that has a predefined objective and agenda but no formal process or roles. A technical review is typically performed by peers with technical expertise in order to evaluate technical aspects of a work product. Management rarely participates in technical review meetings, as they may not have sufficient technical knowledge or skills to contribute effectively.
The following statements about reviews are false:
II) Inspection is characterized by an open-ended review meeting. An inspection is a type of review that follows a defined process with formal entry and exit criteria and roles and responsibilities for participants. An inspection is characterized by a structured review meeting with a fixed duration and agenda.
III) Preparation before the review meeting is part of informal reviews. Preparation before the review meeting is part of formal reviews, such as inspections or technical reviews. Preparation involves checking
Question #36
Which statement about use case testing is true?
- A . The lest cases are designed to find defects in the data flew.
- B . The test cases are designed to be used by real users, not by professional testers
- C . The test cases are always designed by customers or end users.
- D . The test cases are designed to find defects in the process flow.
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
Question #36
Which statement about use case testing is true?
- A . The lest cases are designed to find defects in the data flew.
- B . The test cases are designed to be used by real users, not by professional testers
- C . The test cases are always designed by customers or end users.
- D . The test cases are designed to find defects in the process flow.
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
Question #36
Which statement about use case testing is true?
- A . The lest cases are designed to find defects in the data flew.
- B . The test cases are designed to be used by real users, not by professional testers
- C . The test cases are always designed by customers or end users.
- D . The test cases are designed to find defects in the process flow.
Correct Answer: D
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
D
Explanation:
Use case testing is a technique that helps identify test cases that exercise the whole system on a transaction by transaction basis from start to finish. Use cases are descriptions of how users interact with the system to achieve a specific goal. Use case testing is not focused on data flow, but rather on process flow. Use case testing can be performed by professional testers, customers or end users, depending on the context. Use case testing does not require the test cases to be designed by customers or end users, but rather by anyone who has access to the use case specifications.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, Chapter 4, page 36.
Question #39
Which of the following statements contradicts the general principles of testing?
- A . Most defects are found in a small subset of a system’s modules.
- B . If new defects are to be found we should run the same test set more often.
- C . Testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project.
- D . How testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project.
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
Statement B contradicts the general principles of testing, because running the same test set more often will not increase the chances of finding new defects, unless there are some changes in the system or environment that affect the test results. Running different test sets with different inputs, outputs or conditions would be more effective in finding new defects. Statements A, C and D are consistent with the general principles of testing. Statement A states that most defects are found in a small subset of a system’s modules, which is true according to the defect clustering principle. Statement C states that testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project, which is true according to the early testing principle. Statement D states that how testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project, which is true according to the context-dependent testing principle.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, pages 4-6.
B
Explanation:
Statement B contradicts the general principles of testing, because running the same test set more often will not increase the chances of finding new defects, unless there are some changes in the system or environment that affect the test results. Running different test sets with different inputs, outputs or conditions would be more effective in finding new defects. Statements A, C and D are consistent with the general principles of testing. Statement A states that most defects are found in a small subset of a system’s modules, which is true according to the defect clustering principle. Statement C states that testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project, which is true according to the early testing principle. Statement D states that how testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project, which is true according to the context-dependent testing principle.
Verified Reference: A Study Guide to the ISTQB® Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus – Springer, pages 4-6.
Question #40
A company wants to reward each of its salespeople with an annual bonus that represents the sum of all the bonuses accumulated for every single sale made by that salesperson. The bonus for a single sale can take on the following four values: 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% (the percentage refers to the amount of the single sale).
These values are determined on the basis of the type of customer (classified as "Basic" or "Premium") to which such sale was made, and on the amount of such sale classified into the following three groups G1, G2 and G3:
• [G1]: less than 300 euros
• [G2]: between 300 and 2000 euros
• [G3]: greater than 2000 euros
Which of the following is the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario?
- A . 12
- B . 6
- C . 4
- D . 3
Correct Answer: B
B
Explanation:
The minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario is 6. This is because the decision table has 4 conditions (type of customer and amount of sale) and 4 actions (bonus percentage). The conditions have 2 possible values each (Basic or Premium, and G1, G2 or G3), so the total number of combinations is 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16. However, not all combinations are valid, as some of them are contradictory or impossible. For example, a sale cannot be both less than 300 euros and greater than 2000 euros at the same time. Therefore, we need to eliminate the invalid combinations and keep only the valid ones.
The valid combinations are:
Type of customer Amount of sale Bonus percentage
Basic G1 3%
These 6 combinations cover all the possible values of the conditions and actions, and they are the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table.
Reference: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents,
B
Explanation:
The minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table associated with this scenario is 6. This is because the decision table has 4 conditions (type of customer and amount of sale) and 4 actions (bonus percentage). The conditions have 2 possible values each (Basic or Premium, and G1, G2 or G3), so the total number of combinations is 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 16. However, not all combinations are valid, as some of them are contradictory or impossible. For example, a sale cannot be both less than 300 euros and greater than 2000 euros at the same time. Therefore, we need to eliminate the invalid combinations and keep only the valid ones.
The valid combinations are:
Type of customer Amount of sale Bonus percentage
Basic G1 3%
These 6 combinations cover all the possible values of the conditions and actions, and they are the minimum number of test cases needed to cover the full decision table.
Reference: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents,